Basically, a heat exchanger does the function of either cooling or heating a fluid depending on the requirement. Single tube pass single shell pass counter current heat exchanger duration. Figure 1 illustrates a typical unit that may be found in a petrochemical plant. What are advantages and disadvantages of shell and tube. Plate type heat exchangers are not widely used because of the inability to reliably seal the large gaskets between each of the plates. Fins are utilized less frequently to decrease shellside thermal. When designing a shellandtube exchanger, one of the first issues is deciding which fluid should go on the shell side and which on the tube side. Optimization of a finned shell and tube heat exchanger. U shaped dry heat exchanger, shell and tube water cooled condenser 10kw 600kw. Selection of heat exchanger tema layout and number of. Request information for shell and tube heat exchanger.
Front headerthis is where the fluid enters the tubeside of the exchanger. This has a major advantage over a conventional heat exchanger in which the fluids. For the shellandtube heat exchangers of type bcf horizontal installation there is an ec type approval test pursuant to module b of pressure equipment directive 97 23 ec according to which these types. Shell and tube heat exchanger step by step calculations to. Experiment that illustrates how a compact shell and tube bundle heat exchanger works. Shellandtube test problems the problems that have been used to validate some of the capabilities in insted for the analysis of shellandtube heat exchanger are discussed in this chapter. A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between two or more fluids. Thermal design of a shell and tube heat exchanger typically includes the determination of heat transfer area, number of tubes, tube length and diameter, tube. The shell and tube heat exchanger type is among the most popular heat exchangers used in the industry the shell and tube heat exchanger gets its name from the two major components the shell and the tubes. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical. They are designed so as to achieve a large transfer surface area within a. Common types of shell and tube heat exchangers are the utube heat exchanger and the straight tube.
The control of temperature in a shellandtube heat exchanger is demonstrated in figure 1, with cold water flowing on the tube side and steam on the shell side 5 where steam condenses and heats the water in. Diagram of a shell and tube counterflow heat exchanger shell tube fluid in shell fluid in tube it is important to note. Tech thesis on shell and tube heat exchanger design using. Lewin heat exchanger design shellandtube heat exchangers 12 fixed head 12 floating head 7 6. The shell and tube heat exchanger is equipment largely used at chemical industries. Other national or international design regulations e. The system being modeled is a simple shell and tube heat exchanger figure 1.
Step 6 correction factor it is function of shell and tube temperature difference s is measure of temperature efficiency 10. It utilizes a bundle of tubes through which one of the fluids flows. Selection of heat transfer models and fouling coefficients for shell side and tube side. How shell and tube heat exchangers work engineering duration. A practical guide for planning, selecting and designing of shell and tube exchangers takes users on a stepbystep guide to the design of heat exchangers in daily practice, showing how to determine the effective driving temperature difference for heat transfer. Shell and tube heat exchangers construction details. In this paper, the multiobjective optimization for two case studies of a shellandtube heat exchanger was performed using nsgaii. The heat exchanger tubes are held in place in a tube bundle, with tube sheets that also serve as baffles. The shell cylinder can be fabricated from rolled plate or from piping up to 24 inch. They are designed so as to achieve a large transfer surface area within a small space, with minimal loss of fluid pressure.
These tubes are enclosed in a shell with provisions for the other fluid to flow through the spaces between the tubes. One flows through the tubes the tube side and the other flows outside the tubes but. There are two main categories of shell and tube exchanger. The shell cylinder can be fabricated from rolled plate or from piping up to 24 inch diameters. Shell and tube heat exchanger types yes yen graphitech. In fact, the fixed tube sheet is the least expensive construction. The tube side fluid will typically have one pass, two passes, or four passes through the heat exchanger before exiting. The optimum thermal design of a shell and tube heat exchanger involves the consideration of many interacting design parameters which can be summarized as follows. Feb, 2016 a plate heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger that uses metal plates to transfer heat between two fluids. Definition a heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between one or more fluids. The developed software is intended to be used by undergraduate mechanical and chemical engineering students at. It can handle all of the tema shell types with either plain or radial lowfin tubes. Two fluids can exchange heat, one fluid flows over the outside of the tubes while the second fluid flows through the tubes.
This device has straight tubes that are secured at both ends to tube sheets welded to the shell. Shell and tube type heat exchangers multitubular heat exchangers feature a shell body and multiple tubes heat transfer tubes. The shell and tube heat exchanger module ste in hextran is very flexible. However, the lower cost for the single tubesheet is offset by the additional costs incurred for the bending of the tubes and the somewhat larger shell diameter due to the minimum ubend radius, making the cost of a utube heat exchanger. Theory part on heat transfer, calculation of heat exchanger and general. Shell and tube heat exchangers consist of a series of tubes which contain fluid. Oct 14, 2011 shell and tube heat exchanger bemtype duration. The results suggest that neither the settling time nor control accuracy is satisfied enough when conventional pid controller is used in shell and tube heat exchanger. Reassembly tube stack the tube stack should be inserted into the body with the arrow on the face of the tube plate aligned with the arrow on the end of the body. Shellandtube heat exchanger definition and meaning. The pareto fronts for minimizing both the heat transfer area and pumping. Shell and tube heat exchangers are one of the most popular types of exchanger due to the flexibility the designer has to allow for a wide range of pressures and temperatures. In this study, analysis of shell and tube heat exchanger he is performed. It utilizes a bundle of tubes through which one of the.
Pdhonline course m371 2 pdh shell and tube heat exchangers. Oct 23, 20 when designing a shell and tube exchanger, one of the first issues is deciding which fluid should go on the shell side and which on the tube side. A sthe is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil re fineries and other large chemical. Design and development of shell and tube heat exchanger for. Correction factor chart for oneshell and multiple tube passes exchanger. They can also be classified into parallel and counter flow types. The exchangers exhibit more than 65% of the market share with a. The shellandtube heat exchanger is named for its two major components round tubes mounted inside a cylindrical shell. This figure shows you general stepbystep method of design of shell and tube heat exchanger design of shell and tube heat exchanger. C and figure 7 shows the response of heat exchanger. The fluids may be separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be i. Your phone number select algeria angola armenia benin botswana burkina faso burundi cameroon cape verde central african republic chad congo congo, democratic.
The shell and tube heat exchanger in the photo above has about twelve times the efficiency than a hypothetical singletube heat exchanger of the same size. Shell and tube type heat exchanger, indirect contact type heat exchanger. Plate heat exchangers they are usually constructed of thin plates which may be smooth or corrugated. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes, and is suited for higherpressure. A typical heat exchanger, usually for higher pressure applications up to 552 bars, is the shell and tube heat exchanger. A shellandtube heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger that consists of a cylinder. Heat exchangers jordan university of science and technology. What are advantages and disadvantages of shell and tube heat. This has a major advantage over a conventional heat exchanger in which the fluids are. Theory and application two fluids, of different starting. Types of heat exchangers shell and tube, plate type. Common types of shell and tube heat exchangers are the u tube heat exchanger and the straight tube heat exchanger. A shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger designs.
The classic example of a heat exchanger is found in an internal combustion engine in which a circulating fluid known as engine coolant flows through radiator coils and air flows past the. The shell and tube exchanger consists of four major parts. Due to the high heat transfer efficiency of the plates, plate type heat exchangers are usually very small when compared to a tube and shell type heat exchanger with the same heat transfer capacity. As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell a large vessel with a bundle of tubes inside it. The exchangers exhibit more than 65% of the market share with a variety of design experiences of about 100 years.
Troubleshooting shellandtube heat exchangers use these techniques and guidelines to ensure more reliable heat transfer d. Finally, it is shown how to calculate the pressure losses at the tube and shell side and how to design a heat exchanger for a given problem definition easily and quickly with the help of heat. The the most fundamental variable in heat exchanger tubes can have any geometry such as lat or round. If youve ever researched liquid cooled products you may have come across two options, shell and tube or plate heat exchangers. The shellandtube heat exchanger type is among the most popular heat exchangers used. As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell a large pressure vessel with a bundle of tubes inside it. A shell and tube heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger that consists of a cylinder. For the shell and tube heat exchangers of type bcf horizontal installation there is an ec type approval test pursuant to module b of pressure equipment directive 97 23 ec according to which these types can be supplied with ce marking. Design and development of shell and tube heat exchanger for harar brewery company. Shell and tube heat exchanger design software for thermal. However, there is a disadvantage to smaller tubes if the fluid in your application is very viscous or has particulates, it can foul up the tube and undermine the heat transfer process. The shell and tube heat exchanger as one of several types of. Shell and tube exchangers an overview sciencedirect topics.
Since the heat transfer coefficient is high with the liquid flow, there is no need to use fins. Reassembly tube stack the tube stack should be inserted into. Both singlephase and twophase flows are accommodated on either side of the exchanger. Size sthes are capable of providing a larger surface area for heat transfer to take place while having a shorter length overall due to presence of multiple tubes. Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples log in dictionary. A plate heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger that uses metal plates to transfer heat between two fluids. A shell and tube heat exchanger is an indirect contact heat exchanger in which the hot and cold fluid streams do not come in direct contact but the heat transfer occurs through a dividing wall.
Shell and tube heat exchanger a shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger. Temperature control of shell and tube heat exchanger by using. Tube type plain material carbonsteel 900ansi in tubepattern 30 96 in pitch 1. Generally, fins increase the internal and external tube heat transfer coefficients. Sencan et al 3 discussed a new shell and tube heat. The target outlet temperature of heat exchanger is 60. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a fluid, at. Temperature control of shell and tube heat exchanger by.
Investigation of the thermal and hydraulic properties of a novel heat. The pareto fronts for minimizing both the heat transfer area and pumping power of the shell and tube heat exchanger were obtained for both case studies and ranked using a simple cost function. Setting shell side and tube side pressure drop design limits. Theory and application two fluids, of different starting temperatures, flow through the heat exchanger. So, lets look at some rules of thumb for several key factors, realizing such rough guidelines wont cover all cases. A practical guide for planning, selecting and designing of shell and tube exchangers takes users on a stepbystep guide to the design of heat exchangers in daily practice. Indirect heat exchangers are available in several main types plate, shelland tube, spiral etc. This is due to the larger area the plates provide over tubes. Diagram of a shell and tube counterflow heat exchanger shell tube fluid in shell fluid in tube it is important to note fluid flow in the tube occurs in the opposite direction of the fluid flow in the shell. Technical catalogue section 5 shell and tube models. The shell and tube heat exchanger as one of several types. Two fluids, of different starting temperatures, flow through the heat exchanger.
It consists of a series of tubes, through which one of the fluids runs. Design of shellandtube heat exchangers using multiobjective. Both the shell and tube and plate type heat exchangers work with the same principles, exchanging heat between two fluids through thermal conduction, but with very different construction methods. In this paper, the multiobjective optimization for two case studies of a shell and tube heat exchanger was performed using nsgaii. Types of heat exchanger, process design of shell and tube heat exchanger, condenser, and reboilers. Shell and tube heat exchanger as the name proposed, they are built around tubes mounted in a cylindrical shell, the tubes are parallel to the shell. A shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger.
Our shell and tube heat exchangers are used in many comfort and industry applications for heating and cooling fluids. The results from the study indicated that the ica algorithm can be successfully applied for optimal design of shell and tube. A shell and tube exchanger consists of a number of tubes mounted inside a cylindrical shell. Design and development of shell and tube heat exchanger. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes, and is suited for higherpressure applications. Other articles where shellandtube heat exchanger is discussed. Solving a traditional shell and tube heat exchanger problem. In most cases the plate type is the most efficient heat exchanger.
Studio that allows capturing fouling on the shellside of shellandtube heat exchangers. Crude oil fouling of a shellandtube heat exchanger sized according to tema standard is compared to a nofoul design under industrial. The tubes are thinwalled tubing produced specifically for use in heat exchangers. The principal advantage of the fixed tube sheet construction is its low cost because of its simple construction. These heat transfer devices are engineered to meet to a wide variety of applications. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes. The the most fundamental variable in heat exchanger tubes. Design and development of shell and tube heat exchanger for beverage article pdf available in modern mechanical engineering 45. Shell and tube heat exchangers are still the preferred option for many engineers due to the ease of servicing and their compatibility for use with sea water. One fluid flows inside the tubes is called the tube side fluid, while the other fluid flows across and along the axis of the exchanger in the shell side shell side fluid. Gulley, gulley computer associates, tulsa, oklahoma.
227 773 419 1452 705 1509 654 270 1056 1481 107 130 771 1048 675 603 586 534 722 862 728 1608 858 570 991 1379 51 1012 201 129 396 1072 393 703 541 233 310 165 211 1148 899 370 1271 974 910 731